Patrimoines - Pas-de-Calais le Département
The information in this page are valid for sure that until that date and time.

Le Pas-de-Calais, terre de labeurs : le monde rural

Galerie photos

Parmi les activités nourricières du Pas-de-Calais, l’agriculture est évidemment une des plus marquantes. Le Département a été et est toujours une puissance agricole à l’échelle de la France.

Des cultures sont particulièrement emblématiques sur le territoire : le chou de l’Audomarois, la betterave, les endives, la chicorée, le houblon, le lin, l’œillette, le blé, la pomme de terre pour ne donner que quelques exemples. Le département est également une terre d’élevage : bovins, porcins ou ovins sont en effet très présents. Ces derniers permettent encore aujourd’hui l’entretien d’espaces protégés : près de 540 hectares d’espaces naturels dans le Pas-de-Calais et le Nord sont par exemple gérés avec des brebis boulonnaises.

Ces cultures et ces élevages traditionnels perdurent encore aujourd’hui. Depuis la fin du 19e siècle ils ont pourtant connu de nombreuses évolutions : nouvelle organisation du monde agricole, disparition des jachères, mécanisation, augmentation de la superficie des fermes et diminution du nombre d’agriculteurs. 

Cette puissance agricole a plusieurs origines et peut notamment compter sur un réseau de transport bien développé dès la deuxième moitié du 19e siècle. Dès la Belle Epoque l’agriculture se modernise via la mécanisation et l’utilisation d’engrais notamment. De même, la jachère est moins pratiquée et les agriculteurs se tournent vers des cultures plus performantes : les céréales pauvres sont délaissées au profit du blé qui donne de plus hauts rendements. A cela s’ajoute une organisation précoce de la défense des intérêts du monde rural à travers des revendications protectionnistes et l’organisation du crédit et des assurances agricoles.  Dans ce sens se développe aussi le syndicalisme agricole. En 1913 25% des agriculteurs sont adhérents à un syndicat. Ainsi, si la Grande Dépression a touché le monde rural dès les années 1870, elle est contrebalancée par les politiques protectionnistes qui s’appliqueront jusqu’à la Première Guerre mondiale.

Il est toutefois intéressant de souligner les différences internes au Pas-de-Calais. A la fin du 19e siècle, à l’Est et au Nord-Est l’agriculture est moderne et sans jachère alors qu’à l’Ouest on compte encore 20 à 25% de jachère. Cette disparité s’explique par des conditions naturelles propres au terroir de chaque région mais également par une diffusion du progrès technique et d’accès à la propriété plus lentes à l’Ouest qu’à l’Est.

This is a title
Copyright Légende Télécharger la photo

eZ debug

Clear cache:

Quick settings:

Timing: Apr 04 2025 00:15:18
Script start
Timing: Apr 04 2025 00:15:18
Module start 'content'
Debug: ezpI18n::translateText Apr 04 2025 00:15:18
Missing translation for message in context: 'lib/template'. The untranslated message is: 'The maximum nesting level of %max has been reached. The execution is stopped to avoid infinite recursion.'
Timing: Apr 04 2025 00:15:18
Module end 'content'
Debug: ezpI18n::translateText Apr 04 2025 00:15:18
Missing translation for message in context: 'kernel/navigationpart' with comment: 'Navigation part'. The untranslated message is: 'Content structure'
Debug: ezpI18n::translateText Apr 04 2025 00:15:18
Missing translation for message in context: 'kernel/navigationpart' with comment: 'Navigation part'. The untranslated message is: 'Media library'
Debug: ezpI18n::translateText Apr 04 2025 00:15:18
Missing translation for message in context: 'kernel/navigationpart' with comment: 'Navigation part'. The untranslated message is: 'User accounts'
Debug: ezpI18n::translateText Apr 04 2025 00:15:18
Missing translation for message in context: 'kernel/navigationpart' with comment: 'Navigation part'. The untranslated message is: 'Webshop'
Debug: ezpI18n::translateText Apr 04 2025 00:15:18
Missing translation for message in context: 'kernel/navigationpart' with comment: 'Navigation part'. The untranslated message is: 'Design'
Debug: ezpI18n::translateText Apr 04 2025 00:15:18
Missing translation for message in context: 'kernel/navigationpart' with comment: 'Navigation part'. The untranslated message is: 'Setup'
Debug: ezpI18n::translateText Apr 04 2025 00:15:18
Missing translation for message in context: 'kernel/navigationpart' with comment: 'Navigation part'. The untranslated message is: 'My account'
Debug: ezpI18n::translateText Apr 04 2025 00:15:18
Missing translation for message in context: 'kernel/navigationpart' with comment: 'Navigation part'. The untranslated message is: 'eZTags'
Debug: ezpI18n::translateText Apr 04 2025 00:15:18
Missing translation for message in context: 'kernel/navigationpart' with comment: 'Navigation part'. The untranslated message is: 'eZComments'
Debug: ezpI18n::translateText Apr 04 2025 00:15:18
Missing translation for message in context: 'kernel/navigationpart' with comment: 'Navigation part'. The untranslated message is: 'eZFind'
Debug: ezpI18n::translateText Apr 04 2025 00:15:18
Missing translation for message in context: 'kernel/navigationpart' with comment: 'Navigation part'. The untranslated message is: 'Lists by class'
Debug: ezpI18n::translateText Apr 04 2025 00:15:18
Missing translation for message in context: 'kernel/navigationpart' with comment: 'Navigation part'. The untranslated message is: 'Newsletter'
Debug: ezpI18n::translateText Apr 04 2025 00:15:18
Missing translation for message in context: 'kernel/navigationpart' with comment: 'Navigation part'. The untranslated message is: 'SMS'
Debug: ezpI18n::translateText Apr 04 2025 00:15:18
Missing translation for message in context: 'kernel/navigationpart' with comment: 'Navigation part'. The untranslated message is: 'formviewcount'
Debug: ezpI18n::translateText Apr 04 2025 00:15:18
Missing translation for message in context: 'kernel/navigationpart' with comment: 'Navigation part'. The untranslated message is: 'telmedia'
Notice: Apr 04 2025 00:15:18
eZTemplate: Loading template "pagelayout.tpl" with resource "design"
Debug: ezpI18n::translateText Apr 04 2025 00:15:18
Missing translation for message in context: 'kernel/classes/datatypes' with comment: 'Datatype name'. The untranslated message is: 'Text line'
Debug: ezpI18n::translateText Apr 04 2025 00:15:18
Missing translation for message in context: 'kernel/classes/datatypes' with comment: 'Datatype name'. The untranslated message is: 'XML block'
Notice: Apr 04 2025 00:15:18
eZTemplate: Loading template "content/datatype/view/ezxmltags/paragraph.tpl" with resource "design"
Notice: Apr 04 2025 00:15:18
eZTemplate: Loading template "content/datatype/view/ezxmltags/paragraph.tpl" with resource "design"
Notice: Apr 04 2025 00:15:18
eZTemplate: Loading template "content/datatype/view/ezxmltags/abreviation.tpl" with resource "design"
Notice: Apr 04 2025 00:15:18
eZTemplate: Loading template "content/datatype/view/ezxmltags/paragraph.tpl" with resource "design"
Notice: Apr 04 2025 00:15:18
eZTemplate: Loading template "content/datatype/view/ezxmltags/abreviation.tpl" with resource "design"
Notice: Apr 04 2025 00:15:18
eZTemplate: Loading template "content/datatype/view/ezxmltags/paragraph.tpl" with resource "design"
Notice: Apr 04 2025 00:15:18
eZTemplate: Loading template "content/datatype/view/ezxmltags/abreviation.tpl" with resource "design"
Notice: Apr 04 2025 00:15:18
eZTemplate: Loading template "content/datatype/view/ezxmltags/paragraph.tpl" with resource "design"
Debug: ezpI18n::translateText Apr 04 2025 00:15:18
Missing translation for message in context: 'kernel/classes/datatypes' with comment: 'Datatype name'. The untranslated message is: 'Object relation'
Debug: ezpI18n::translateText Apr 04 2025 00:15:18
Missing translation for message in context: 'kernel/classes/datatypes' with comment: 'Datatype name'. The untranslated message is: 'Image'
Error: eZImageManager::createAliasFromINI Apr 04 2025 00:15:18
No such group imagefull in ini file image.ini
Warning: eZImageManager::readImageAliasesFromINI Apr 04 2025 00:15:18
Failed reading Image Alias imagefull from image.ini
Error: eZImageManager::createAliasFromINI Apr 04 2025 00:15:18
No such group banner_expo_homepage in ini file image.ini
Warning: eZImageManager::readImageAliasesFromINI Apr 04 2025 00:15:18
Failed reading Image Alias banner_expo_homepage from image.ini
Debug: ezpI18n::translateText Apr 04 2025 00:15:18
Missing translation for message in context: 'kernel/classes/datatypes' with comment: 'Datatype name'. The untranslated message is: 'Object relations'
Debug: ezpI18n::translateText Apr 04 2025 00:15:18
Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'EN'
Debug: ezpI18n::translateText Apr 04 2025 00:15:18
Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'EN'
Debug: ezpI18n::translateText Apr 04 2025 00:15:18
Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'EN'
Debug: ezpI18n::translateText Apr 04 2025 00:15:18
Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'EN'
Debug: ezpI18n::translateText Apr 04 2025 00:15:18
Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'EN'
Debug: ezpI18n::translateText Apr 04 2025 00:15:18
Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'FR'
Debug: ezpI18n::translateText Apr 04 2025 00:15:18
Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'FR'
Debug: ezpI18n::translateText Apr 04 2025 00:15:18
Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'FR'
Debug: ezpI18n::translateText Apr 04 2025 00:15:18
Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'FR'
Debug: ezpI18n::translateText Apr 04 2025 00:15:18
Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'FR'
Debug: ezpI18n::translateText Apr 04 2025 00:15:18
Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'NL'
Debug: ezpI18n::translateText Apr 04 2025 00:15:18
Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'NL'
Debug: ezpI18n::translateText Apr 04 2025 00:15:18
Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'NL'
Debug: ezpI18n::translateText Apr 04 2025 00:15:18
Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'NL'
Debug: ezpI18n::translateText Apr 04 2025 00:15:18
Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'EN'
Debug: ezpI18n::translateText Apr 04 2025 00:15:18
Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'EN'
Debug: ezpI18n::translateText Apr 04 2025 00:15:18
Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'EN'
Debug: ezpI18n::translateText Apr 04 2025 00:15:18
Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'EN'
Debug: ezpI18n::translateText Apr 04 2025 00:15:18
Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'EN'
Debug: ezpI18n::translateText Apr 04 2025 00:15:18
Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'FR'
Debug: ezpI18n::translateText Apr 04 2025 00:15:18
Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'FR'
Debug: ezpI18n::translateText Apr 04 2025 00:15:18
Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'FR'
Debug: ezpI18n::translateText Apr 04 2025 00:15:18
Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'FR'
Debug: ezpI18n::translateText Apr 04 2025 00:15:18
Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'FR'
Debug: ezpI18n::translateText Apr 04 2025 00:15:18
Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'NL'
Debug: ezpI18n::translateText Apr 04 2025 00:15:18
Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'NL'
Debug: ezpI18n::translateText Apr 04 2025 00:15:18
Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'NL'
Debug: ezpI18n::translateText Apr 04 2025 00:15:18
Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'NL'
Debug: ezpI18n::translateText Apr 04 2025 00:15:18
Missing translation for message in context: 'kernel/classes/datatypes' with comment: 'Datatype name'. The untranslated message is: 'Selection'
Timing: Apr 04 2025 00:15:18
Script end
Notice: Apr 04 2025 00:15:18
eZTemplate: Loading template "setup/debug_toolbar.tpl" with resource "design"

Main resources:

Total runtime0.1633 sec
Peak memory usage9,728.0000 KB
Database Queries139

Timing points:

CheckpointStart (sec)Duration (sec)Memory at start (KB)Memory used (KB)
Script start 0.00000.0132 1,144.4531609.8906
Module start 'content' 0.01320.0187 1,754.34381,234.0625
Module end 'content' 0.03190.1314 2,988.40635,407.0703
Script end 0.1632  8,395.4766 

Time accumulators:

 Accumulator Duration (sec) Duration (%) Count Average (sec)
Ini load
Load cache0.01489.0458270.0005
Check MTime0.01126.8315270.0004
Mysql Total
Database connection0.00050.333710.0005
Mysqli_queries0.060637.09621390.0004
Looping result0.00261.62061300.0000
TS translator
TS init0.00523.1689230.0002
TS cache load0.00140.8742230.0001
TS context load0.00110.6966230.0000
Template Total0.129979.520.0649
Template load0.00462.844120.0023
Template processing0.125276.651120.0626
Override
Cache load0.00352.1343100.0003
Sytem overhead
Fetch class attribute can translate value0.00050.326420.0003
XML
Image XML parsing0.00171.048320.0009
General
dbfile0.00271.6518220.0001
String conversion0.00000.016130.0000
Note: percentages do not add up to 100% because some accumulators overlap

CSS/JS files loaded with "ezjscPacker" during request:

CacheTypePacklevelSourceFiles
CSS0extension/cg62/design/cg62/stylesheets/bootstrap.min.css
extension/cg62/design/hardelot/stylesheets/fonts.css
extension/cg62/design/hardelot/stylesheets/base.css
extension/cg62/design/cg62/stylesheets/confort-lecture.css
extension/cg62/design/cg62/stylesheets/video-js2.css
extension/cg62/design/cg62/stylesheets/page.css
extension/cg62/design/cg62/stylesheets/agenda.css
extension/cg62/design/cg62/stylesheets/actualites-detail.css
extension/cg62/design/cg62/stylesheets/jquery.cluetip.css
extension/cg62/design/archeo/stylesheets/archeo.css
extension/cg62/design/archives/stylesheets/archives.css
extension/cg62/design/patrimoines/stylesheets/patrimoines.css
extension/cg62/design/cg62/stylesheets/galerie.css
extension/cg62/design/cg62/stylesheets/colorbox.css
JS0extension/cg62/design/cg62/javascript/common/fr_tools.js
extension/cg62/design/cg62/javascript/common/accessibility_tools.js
extension/cg62/design/cg62/javascript/jquery.cookie.js
extension/cg62/design/cg62/javascript/jquery-ui.min.js
extension/cg62/design/cg62/javascript/jquery.cluetip.min.js
extension/cg62/design/cg62/javascript/jquery.colorbox.js
extension/cg62/design/cg62/javascript/jquery.colorbox-fr.js
extension/cg62/design/cg62/javascript/jquery.cycle.all.js
extension/cg62/design/cg62/javascript/jquery.cycle2.pager.min.js
extension/cg62/design/cg62/javascript/jquery.cycle2.tmpl.min.js
extension/cg62/design/cg62/javascript/jquery.cycle2.center.min.js
extension/cg62/design/cg62/javascript/jquery.cycle2.carousel.min.js
extension/cg62/design/cg62/javascript/accessiform.js
extension/cg62/design/cg62/javascript/videojs2/settings.js
extension/cg62/design/cg62/javascript/videojs2/video.dev.js
extension/cg62/design/cg62/javascript/videojs2/subtitles.js
extension/cg62/design/hardelot/javascript/jquery.bxslider.js
extension/cg62/design/hardelot/javascript/jquery.mmenu.min.js
extension/cg62/design/hardelot/javascript/jquery.scrollTo.min.js
extension/cg62/design/hardelot/javascript/flex-fallback.js
extension/cg62/design/hardelot/javascript/hardelot.js
extension/cg62/design/archeo/javascript/archeo.js
extension/cg62/design/archives/javascript/archives.js
extension/cg62/design/patrimoines/javascript/patrimoines.js
extension/cg62/design/cg62/javascript/galerie.js
extension/cg62/design/cg62/javascript/jquery.cycle2.swipe.min.js

Templates used to render the page:

UsageRequested templateTemplateTemplate loadedEditOverride
1pagelayout.tpl<No override>extension/cg62/design/patrimoines/templates/pagelayout.tplEdit templateOverride template
4content/datatype/view/ezxmltags/paragraph.tpl<No override>extension/cg62/design/archives/templates/content/datatype/view/ezxmltags/paragraph.tplEdit templateOverride template
3content/datatype/view/ezxmltags/abreviation.tpl<No override>extension/cg62/design/cg62/templates/content/datatype/view/ezxmltags/abreviation.tplEdit templateOverride template
1setup/debug_toolbar.tpl<No override>design/standard/templates/setup/debug_toolbar.tplEdit templateOverride template
 Number of times templates used: 9
 Number of unique templates used: 4

Time used to render debug report: 0.0005 secs