Patrimoines - Pas-de-Calais le Département
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Pleasance. L'été sur la côte d'Opale, 1880-1914

À la fin du 19e siècle, en quête d’air pur et de nature, la classe aisée se presse sur les plages de la Côte d’Opale. Le développement du réseau ferré facilite le déplacement de cette clientèle citadine, venue directement des grandes villes de la région, de Paris ou d’Angleterre. La création d’hôtels et de villas, accompagnée d’une offre accrue de distractions et de loisirs, participent au phénomène de villégiature, inspiré par le modèle anglais. À la suite de Boulogne-sur-Mer et lui faisant directement concurrence, les stations balnéaires telles que Wimereux, Berck, Le Touquet ou Hardelot se développent, chacune cherchant à mettre en avant la qualité de ses infrastructures.

Partageant cet engouement pour le plein air, de nombreux peintres se sont établis sur les rivages du Pas-de-Calais. Intéressés par les reflets changeants de la lumière et l’aspect sauvage des paysages, ces artistes ont partagé la plage avec les marins-pêcheurs au travail et les élégantes venues se divertir.

Course : step 2/12

Eugène Chigot, Etude de la baie de Canche

Thématique 1: Vers le rivage

L'artiste

Eugène Chigot s’éprend rapidement des paysages de la baie de Canche, auxquels il consacre plusieurs œuvres. Ses séjours sur le littoral lui donnent l’occasion de peindre en plein air, sur le motif. C’est vraisemblablement le cas de cette étude, dont la nature du support, l’isorel, plus rigide que la toile, facilite le travail en extérieur.

huile sur isorel montrant un camaïeu de bleu et de blanc évoquant la baie de Canche

Eugène Chigot, Etude de la baie de Canche, huile sur toile, collections départementales du Pas-de-Calais © Philip Bernard

 L'œuvre 

Le traitement de cette étude, avec ses larges touches de couleurs juxtaposées, est impressionniste. Au premier plan, de la végétation, des arbres et des buissons surtout, sont peints dans un camaïeu de vert, en majorité foncé. Au second plan, la mer et le ciel se trouvent unis dans un même camaïeu de bleu et de blanc, gommant la frontière entre les deux éléments.

Sources :

  • Ghislaine Deleau (dir.), Les peintres et le Pas-de-Calais , Editions Peintres & départements, 1992
  • Jean-Claude Lesage, Peintres des côtes du Pas-de-Calais, de Turner à Dubuffet , Editions A.M.M.E, 1987
  • Michèle Moyne (dir.), Peintres de la Côte d’Opale au XIXe siècle. Collections du Département du Pas-de-Calais , exposition à Etaples, maison du port, 2013, Paris, Somogy, 2013.

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