Patrimoines - Pas-de-Calais le Département
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Vue du port et de la rade de Boulogne, prise lors du départ de la flottille, le 16 août 1803

Une gravure célébrant l’optimisme des premiers mois du Camp de Boulogne

Le 16 août 1803 est-elle une date significative dans le déroulé du Camp de Boulogne ? Pas vraiment. Napoléon n’est d’ailleurs pas présent sur la Côte d’Opale ce jour-là puisqu’il inaugure à la fois le nouveau nom, et le nouveau musée des statues du musée du Louvre, rebaptisé musée Impérial.

Alors que représente cette date ? Plus qu’un événement précis, elle est représentative de l’état d’esprit qui règne dans le Camp à cette époque. Débuté en juin, il rassemble toujours plus de navires venus notamment de Dunkerque et de Saint-Malo. Il rassemble aussi beaucoup d’hommes. En août, le moral des troupes est au beau fixe. Boulogne et ses abords sont alors une véritable fourmilière où les soldats de tous rangs pullulent. Leur rôle est de construire de nouveaux navires et de s’entraîner dans la rade du port. Ils effectuent ainsi des manœuvres ou des combats partiels afin de prendre confiance et de s’aguerrir avant de batailler contre les Anglais. Ces derniers ne sont pas absents des yeux des Français puisque, de jour comme de nuit, il est possible de distinguer leurs navires patrouiller en face, devant leurs falaises blanches.

C’est donc l’une de ces nombreuses manœuvres qui est représentée par le dessinateur Jean-Jérôme Baugean, dessinateur de paysages et de marines.

 

Une vision paysagère des actions humaines et militaires

Beaugan est particulièrement connu pour des scènes de paysage comme celle-ci. Les éléments naturels, les constructions diverses et variées sont toujours les parties les plus importantes de ses compositions. Les êtres humains y sont également représentés mais semblent accessoires, assurant seulement au spectateur que les lieux dessinés sont bel et bien habités.

C’est ainsi qu’il a souhaité représenter le port et la rade de Boulogne : un paysage utilisé par les hommes.

gravure montrant le port de Boulogne et les manœuvres militaires terrestres et maritimes durant le camp de Boulogne en 1803

Au premier plan, on distingue la plage de sable fin. Des soldats, à cheval ou à pied, effectuent des manœuvres terrestres. Ils sont reconnaissables entre mille avec leurs chapeaux : soit des bicornes, soit des couvre-chefs à poil d’ours, parure des grenadiers à pied de la Grande Armée. En bas à droite de la composition, on distingue le drapeau impérial flottant discrètement… mais sûrement.

Au second plan, c’est l’entrée du port que l’on reconnait. Les jetés et les phares sont dessinés. Des dizaines de navires à voiles, petits ou grands, sortent du port et se mettent à longer la côte. Au dernier plan, la falaise blanche, une mer et un ciel calmes achèvent la composition.

Cette ambiance sereine n’est pourtant pas une représentation fidèle de la réalité. En effet, les navires anglais ne se contentent pas de veiller sur leurs côtes. Ils attaquent les flottes françaises dès qu’ils en ont l’occasion, et notamment lors des manœuvres comme celle représentée ici. A l’automne 1803, les Anglais redoublent de fougue pour contrecarrer les efforts des Français. Ainsi les manœuvres en mer sont dangereuses car même s’il ne s’agit que d’entrainements, la guerre avec l’Angleterre est effective depuis le mois de mai.

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Timing: Nov 26 2024 09:28:08
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Missing translation for message in context: 'kernel/navigationpart' with comment: 'Navigation part'. The untranslated message is: 'Media library'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'kernel/navigationpart' with comment: 'Navigation part'. The untranslated message is: 'User accounts'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'kernel/navigationpart' with comment: 'Navigation part'. The untranslated message is: 'Webshop'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'kernel/navigationpart' with comment: 'Navigation part'. The untranslated message is: 'Design'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'kernel/navigationpart' with comment: 'Navigation part'. The untranslated message is: 'Setup'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'kernel/navigationpart' with comment: 'Navigation part'. The untranslated message is: 'My account'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'kernel/navigationpart' with comment: 'Navigation part'. The untranslated message is: 'eZTags'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'kernel/navigationpart' with comment: 'Navigation part'. The untranslated message is: 'eZFind'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'kernel/navigationpart' with comment: 'Navigation part'. The untranslated message is: 'Lists by class'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'kernel/navigationpart' with comment: 'Navigation part'. The untranslated message is: 'Newsletter'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'kernel/navigationpart' with comment: 'Navigation part'. The untranslated message is: 'SMS'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'kernel/navigationpart' with comment: 'Navigation part'. The untranslated message is: 'formviewcount'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'EN'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'EN'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'EN'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'EN'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'EN'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'FR'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'FR'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'FR'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'FR'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'NL'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'NL'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'EN'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'EN'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'EN'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'EN'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'EN'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'FR'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'FR'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'FR'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'FR'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'FR'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'NL'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'NL'
Debug: ezpI18n::translateText Nov 26 2024 09:28:08
Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'NL'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'NL'
Timing: Nov 26 2024 09:28:08
Script end
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eZTemplate: Loading template "setup/debug_toolbar.tpl" with resource "design"

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 Number of unique templates used: 6

Time used to render debug report: 0.0005 secs