Patrimoines - Pas-de-Calais le Département
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Le circuit des églises fortifiées de l'Artois

Du Moyen-âge à l’époque moderne ( 10e au 18e siècle), le département du Pas-de-Calais était en partie représenté par le comté d’Artois qui s’étendait d’Arras et Thérouanne jusqu’aux portes de Montreuil, Calais et Douai. Le département du Pas-de-Calais était alors partagé entre plusieurs puissances européennes : la France, l’Angleterre (Calais) et l’Espagne. Entre le 14e et le 16e siècle, la position frontalière du comté d’Artois en fait le terrain privilégié des luttes féodales entre ces puissances pour étendre leur domination territoriale.

Pour se protéger des attaques et des pillages incessants, la population cherche refuge dans le seul bâtiment solide du village : l’église.

En effet, à l’époque, les maisons construites en bois et en torchis étaient facilement détruites. Aux 16e et 17e siècles, on assiste à une importante phase de construction ou de reconstruction des édifices religieux, pour y intégrer des éléments militaires défensifs. Les églises fortifiées rythment les paysages d’Artois et rappellent le passé mouvementé de cette région. Ce parcours vous propose de partir à la découverte de ces édifices hors du commun.

Course : step 21/21

L'église Saint-Martin d'Agnez-lez-Duisans

L'église et son évolution

La première église d’Agnez, dont on ne connait pas la date de construction, est détruite par les troupes françaises de Louis 12 en 1475. Il n’en reste que la tour et le chœur. Mais les traces de l’ancienne nef sont encore visibles sur la base de la tour. Le clocher du 15ième siècle est surélevé et surmonté d’une flèche en pierre vers 1632. Par la suite, l’édifice a été restauré entre 1842 et 1845 par l’architecte A. Grigny. L’intérieur de l’église est décoré dans un style gothique.

Plan de l'église Saint-Martin

A la fois poste de guet et église

La tour possède une allure défensive ce qui nous laisse supposer qu’elle servait de poste de guet lors des tensions militaires. En effet, on peut voir une balustrade à créneau au sommet de la tour qui protège le chemin de ronde des tirs ennemis. Des meurtrières sont aussi taillées sur les faces de la tour pour permettre aux guetteurs de surveiller sans être aperçu. Ils pouvaient également tirer à couvert sur leur assaillant.

L'église Saint-Martin d'Agnez-les-Duisans

Pour compliquer et freiner le siège de l’église, des contreforts diagonaux sont installés sur les murs de la tour. On peut également remarquer que la tour ne possède pas de grandes fenêtres qui pourraient faciliter l’intrusion des assaillants à l’intérieur de l’église. Les seules ouvertures de la tour sont les abat-sons qui permettaient de diffuser le son des cloches, utilisées dans certains cas pour prévenir la population d’une attaque.

Quelques dates clefs

  • 1475 : destruction d’une partie de l’église (nef)
  • 16ième - 17ième siècles : reconstruction de l’église et aménagement de la tour fortifiée
  • 1842- 1845 : restauration par l’architecte A. Grigny
  • 1930 : restauration de la tour suite aux bombardements de la Seconde Guerre mondiale

Travaux de restauration du clocher suite aux dégradations de la  Seconde Guerre mondiale 

eZ debug

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Quick settings:

Timing: Nov 26 2024 10:53:50
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Debug: ezpI18n::translateText Nov 26 2024 10:53:50
Missing translation for message in context: 'lib/template'. The untranslated message is: 'The maximum nesting level of %max has been reached. The execution is stopped to avoid infinite recursion.'
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Debug: ezpI18n::translateText Nov 26 2024 10:53:50
Missing translation for message in context: 'kernel/navigationpart' with comment: 'Navigation part'. The untranslated message is: 'Content structure'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'kernel/navigationpart' with comment: 'Navigation part'. The untranslated message is: 'Media library'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'kernel/navigationpart' with comment: 'Navigation part'. The untranslated message is: 'User accounts'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'kernel/navigationpart' with comment: 'Navigation part'. The untranslated message is: 'Webshop'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'kernel/navigationpart' with comment: 'Navigation part'. The untranslated message is: 'Design'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'kernel/navigationpart' with comment: 'Navigation part'. The untranslated message is: 'Setup'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'kernel/navigationpart' with comment: 'Navigation part'. The untranslated message is: 'My account'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'kernel/navigationpart' with comment: 'Navigation part'. The untranslated message is: 'eZTags'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'kernel/navigationpart' with comment: 'Navigation part'. The untranslated message is: 'eZComments'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'kernel/navigationpart' with comment: 'Navigation part'. The untranslated message is: 'eZFind'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'kernel/navigationpart' with comment: 'Navigation part'. The untranslated message is: 'Lists by class'
Debug: ezpI18n::translateText Nov 26 2024 10:53:50
Missing translation for message in context: 'kernel/navigationpart' with comment: 'Navigation part'. The untranslated message is: 'Newsletter'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'kernel/navigationpart' with comment: 'Navigation part'. The untranslated message is: 'SMS'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'kernel/navigationpart' with comment: 'Navigation part'. The untranslated message is: 'formviewcount'
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Debug: ezpI18n::translateText Nov 26 2024 10:53:50
Missing translation for message in context: 'kernel/classes/datatypes' with comment: 'Datatype name'. The untranslated message is: 'Object relations'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'EN'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'EN'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'EN'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'EN'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'EN'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'FR'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'FR'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'FR'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'FR'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'FR'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'NL'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'NL'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'NL'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'NL'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'EN'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'EN'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'EN'
Debug: ezpI18n::translateText Nov 26 2024 10:53:50
Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'EN'
Debug: ezpI18n::translateText Nov 26 2024 10:53:50
Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'EN'
Debug: ezpI18n::translateText Nov 26 2024 10:53:50
Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'FR'
Debug: ezpI18n::translateText Nov 26 2024 10:53:50
Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'FR'
Debug: ezpI18n::translateText Nov 26 2024 10:53:50
Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'FR'
Debug: ezpI18n::translateText Nov 26 2024 10:53:50
Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'FR'
Debug: ezpI18n::translateText Nov 26 2024 10:53:50
Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'FR'
Debug: ezpI18n::translateText Nov 26 2024 10:53:50
Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'NL'
Debug: ezpI18n::translateText Nov 26 2024 10:53:50
Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'NL'
Debug: ezpI18n::translateText Nov 26 2024 10:53:50
Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'NL'
Debug: ezpI18n::translateText Nov 26 2024 10:53:50
Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'NL'
Debug: ezpI18n::translateText Nov 26 2024 10:53:50
Missing translation for message in context: 'kernel/classes/datatypes' with comment: 'Datatype name'. The untranslated message is: 'Checkbox'
Timing: Nov 26 2024 10:53:50
Script end
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