Patrimoines - Pas-de-Calais le Département
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Le circuit des églises fortifiées de l'Artois

Du Moyen-âge à l’époque moderne ( 10e au 18e siècle), le département du Pas-de-Calais était en partie représenté par le comté d’Artois qui s’étendait d’Arras et Thérouanne jusqu’aux portes de Montreuil, Calais et Douai. Le département du Pas-de-Calais était alors partagé entre plusieurs puissances européennes : la France, l’Angleterre (Calais) et l’Espagne. Entre le 14e et le 16e siècle, la position frontalière du comté d’Artois en fait le terrain privilégié des luttes féodales entre ces puissances pour étendre leur domination territoriale.

Pour se protéger des attaques et des pillages incessants, la population cherche refuge dans le seul bâtiment solide du village : l’église.

En effet, à l’époque, les maisons construites en bois et en torchis étaient facilement détruites. Aux 16e et 17e siècles, on assiste à une importante phase de construction ou de reconstruction des édifices religieux, pour y intégrer des éléments militaires défensifs. Les églises fortifiées rythment les paysages d’Artois et rappellent le passé mouvementé de cette région. Ce parcours vous propose de partir à la découverte de ces édifices hors du commun.

Course : step 20/21

L'église Saint-Martin d'Habarcq

Un peu d'histoire

La première église d’Habarcq a été construite au 12ième siècle, mais elle est brûlée en 1475 à cause des troubles du Moyen-âge dans l’Artois. L’église est alors reconstruite entre 1530 et 1578. L’église est à nouveau détruite dans un incendie en 1698, et son chœur est restauré la même année.

Cadastre napoléonien de 1808 où l'on distingue l'église accolée au château

Une tour à l'allure défensive

La tour est surmontée d’une flèche en pierre à crochets datant de 1708. Pour la protéger et permettre sa restauration à l’identique, l’église est inscrite aux Monuments Historiques en 1926.

Détails des crochets de la flèche 

La tour fortifiée de l’église date du 15ième siècle et a résisté aux incendies. Au-dessus de la porte de la tour, on peut voir un écusson aux armes du comte de Lens, seigneur d’Habarcq lors de sa construction.

Le sommet de la tour est terminé par un chemin de ronde, protégé par une balustrade. L’église était donc certainement utilisée comme lieu de guet lors des conflits territoriaux entre la France et l’Espagne

L'église Saint-Martin d'Habarcq

Quelques dates clefs

12ième siècle : construction de la première église

15ième siècle : construction de la tour fortifiée

1530-1578 : construction de la nouvelle église

1708 : construction de la flèche à crochets

Une église et des seigneurs

L’église d’Habarcq est étroitement liée au château des seigneurs du village. A l’origine, elle était la chapelle du château. Un mur permettait aux seigneurs d’assister aux messes grâce à deux fenêtres du château ouvrant sur l’église.

En bas de la place, on pouvait voir une étonnante ferme fortifiée, aujourd’hui en partie détruite.

eZ debug

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Timing: Apr 03 2025 04:53:22
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Missing translation for message in context: 'kernel/navigationpart' with comment: 'Navigation part'. The untranslated message is: 'Media library'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'kernel/navigationpart' with comment: 'Navigation part'. The untranslated message is: 'User accounts'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'kernel/navigationpart' with comment: 'Navigation part'. The untranslated message is: 'Webshop'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'kernel/navigationpart' with comment: 'Navigation part'. The untranslated message is: 'Design'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'kernel/navigationpart' with comment: 'Navigation part'. The untranslated message is: 'Setup'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'kernel/navigationpart' with comment: 'Navigation part'. The untranslated message is: 'My account'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'kernel/navigationpart' with comment: 'Navigation part'. The untranslated message is: 'eZComments'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'kernel/navigationpart' with comment: 'Navigation part'. The untranslated message is: 'eZFind'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'kernel/navigationpart' with comment: 'Navigation part'. The untranslated message is: 'Newsletter'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'FR'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'EN'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'EN'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'FR'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'FR'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'FR'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'FR'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'FR'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'NL'
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Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'NL'
Debug: ezpI18n::translateText Apr 03 2025 04:53:23
Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'NL'
Debug: ezpI18n::translateText Apr 03 2025 04:53:23
Missing translation for message in context: 'patrimoines'. The untranslated message is: 'NL'
Debug: ezpI18n::translateText Apr 03 2025 04:53:23
Missing translation for message in context: 'kernel/classes/datatypes' with comment: 'Datatype name'. The untranslated message is: 'Checkbox'
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